Practical guide aqa this guide includes details about the required practicals for alevel chemistry. Synthesis of aspirin aim to synthesize aspirin and to determine the percentage yield introduction aspirin, which is also known as acetylsalicylic acid is a pharmaceutical drug which is used to treat pain,fever and inflammation. The students prepare a phrate profile for the hydrolysis of aspirin and analyze this profile to determine the mechanism and type of catalysis of the hydrolysis at different ph values. Aspirin, also known as acetylsalicylic acid, has a chemical formula of c9h8o4. Synthesis of aspirin adapted from bettelheim objective. Aspirin contains polar functional groups which can form hydrogen bonds with polar water molecules. Esterification reaction synthesis of aspirin introduction aspirin is one of the milder and least expensive pain relievers available. Charlie archer, the oratory school, reading, 2008 aspirin is one of the most commonly used drugs in the world, so why not bring chemistry out of the text books, and synthesise aspirin in the undergraduate chemistry laboratory at reading university. Aspirin should be used with moderation, because the mucous membrane of intestines can also be damaged, causing bleeding from the alimentary canal. Quantity tablet 1 tablet 2 mass acetylsalicylic acid, 0. One strategy for reducing stomach irrita tion is to combine the. To prepare aspirin, salicylic acid is reacted with an excess of acetic anhydride. A green undergraduate organic chemistry laboratory experiment.
It is a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug nsaid with a wide range of physiological effects. Aspirin is a very effective painkiller and fever reducer, but it causes sideeffectsin some people. Aspirin hc9h7o4 or c9h8o4 cid 2244 structure, chemical names, physical and chemical properties, classification, patents, literature, biological activities. It is also an antiinflammatory drug and can be used as a blood thinner. A small amount of a strong acid is used as a catalyst which speeds up the reaction. April 9, 2018 vision impaired people having problems accessing certain pages of a pdf file may call 301 7963634 for assistance. In the uk, all such medicines are formulated from just four active ingredients aspirin, paracetamol, codeine and ibuprofen. In the first lab the students synthesize and recrystallize aspirin and take melting points of their product, an aspirin standard, and salicylic acid. Physicochemical properties of drugs pharmaceutical press.
Aspirin is one of the milder and least expensive pain relievers available. Analysis of aspirin sample this part can be done individually or in groups to save time. To confirm the structures of the isolated components a. Synthesis and characterization of aspirin chemistry m01b lab 07 100 advance study assignment. Beers law calibration curve for the absorbance of 530 nm light by acetylsalicylic acid. Sep 14, 2015 presentation is based on mainly the chemistry of aspirin,a little bit introduction about nsaid is also here. A knowledge organiser on the alevel chemistry practical preparation of aspirin from 2hydroxybenzoic acid and ethanoic anhydride using a phosphoric acid catalyst. Place the blank in the cuvette slot of the colorimeter and close the lid. Antiinflammatory inhibition of the synthesis of prostaglandins. Route onset peak duration aspirin pirin po 530min 1. It wasnt until 1897 that a chemist, who wanted to help his father with joint pain, came up with a. The following rotatable image of the aspirin molecule is presented in protein database. The present experiment will be the synthesis of a familiar organic compound called aspirin.
Filtration separates product and any unreacted salicylic acid from acetic and sulfuric acids. Synthesis and decomposition of aspirin chemistry science fair project experiments, chemistry models, exhibition ideas, expo topics for kids and also organics chemistry science ideas for cbse, icse, middleschool, elementary school for 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th and high school students. It also contains information about other experiments that often occur in alevel examinations. This site is like a library, you could find million book here by using search box in the header. After the hydrolysis of acetic anhydride is complete, the reaction is diluted with water and cooled. Organic chemistry is the study of the chemistry of carbon compounds.
Individual results from each student are compiled to provide a class set of rate constant versus ph data. The uses,doses and side effects are also in these p slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Reactions in organic chemistry one of the major goals of organic chemistry is synthesis of novel andor interesting organic compounds more casually referred to as making stuff. E29 preparation of aspirin acetylsalicylic acid and thin.
Unit of chemistry teacher education university of helsinki science education centre luma centre finland 5. Dec 06, 2015 on this page you can read or download retrosynthesis of aspirin in pdf format. Place a tablet on a watch glass or piece of weighing paper and use your metal spatula or. Full report guide general chemistry lab reports full reports combine the introduction, methods, results and discussion sections in a single coherent paper. The aspirin is formed when you reflux ethanoic anhydride, phosphoric acid, and 2hydroxybenzoic acid together for 15 minutes. Spectrophotometric analysis of aspirin safety activity 1. Aspirins chemical name is acetylsalicylic acid, and it is synthesized from the reaction of acetic anhydride with salicylic acid in the presence of phosphoric acid as a catalyst. Aspirin s chemical name is acetylsalicylic acid, and it is synthesized from the reaction of acetic anhydride with salicylic acid in the presence of phosphoric acid as a catalyst. You may be asked to describe these experiments in details or be asked about reasons for doing individual steps. We just make two acetic acid molecules to react with each other and they form oxide link between.
Aspirin has come a long way from its humble origins. Prepare a sample of cuprammonium rayon threads from filter paper. This crude aspirin can then be isolated by filtration. Do not lose this container or its contents, you will use them later. Jinghan tian, lei yan, aohua sang, hongyan yuan, baozhan zheng, and dan xiao. A series of experiments based on aspirin have been used in our high school chemistry laboratory. Aspirin, or acetylsalicylic acid asa, is commonly used as a pain reliever for minor aches and pains and to reduce fever. The compounds of carbon are the central substances of which all living things on this planet are made. Measurement and correlation of the solubility of aspirin in. This resource has been developed in partnership with learning science and the university of bristol. After transferring a small mass of you product to a 10 ml volumetric flask, add 1 ml of ethanol and allow the sample to dissolve.
Synthesis and decomposition of aspirin the chemistry guru. Assume you will work with your same group unless your instructor specifies otherwise. Youll need to work carefully, but quickly with the rest of part. When salicylic acid reacts with acetic anhydride in the presence of an acid catalyst, acetylsalicylic acid, or aspirin, is produced according to the following equation. Esguerra 1 dione esguerra marcus etienne organic chemistry lab 19 april 2017 synthesis of aspirin lab partners. Chemistry 105, spring 2020 experiment dates experiment date lab 1. The name aspirin is derived from acetylated spiraeic acid the old name for salicylic acid. The tests of the synthesized aspirin were very successful in determining which catalyst phosphoric acid generated the highest yield of aspirin. Aspirin acetylates cox1 at ser530 and cox2 at ser516 resulting in irreversible enzyme inhibition. The synthesis of aspirin from oil of wintergreen is an example of one of. Aspirin is in the family of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs otherwise known as nsaids medicines. These are a group of drugs which have an anti pyretic, anti inflammatory and analgesic effect.
Aspirin is one of the most widely used nonprescription drugs in the world, with over 50 million pounds consumed annually. After germany lost world war i, bayer was forced to give it up as part of the treaty of versailles in 1919. Download aspirin book pdf free download link or read online here in pdf. Excedrin is an overthecounter pain reliever that contains three analgesic components. Aspirin and salicylic acid are poorly soluble in cold water. The industrial advantages of ethanoic anhydride over ethanoyl chloride in the manufacture of the drug aspirin.
The primary component of the drug is the salicylic acid from willow bark extract. Though aspirin is much less irritating than plain salicylic acid, it causes stomach upset in a very small percentage of people. The physiologic effect of aspirin is by means of decreased prostaglandin production. Remove the flask from the hot water bath, add 20 ml of water while still warm, and swirl the flask to mix thoroughly. Kimbrough teaches chemistry at the university of coloradodenver. Aspirin is the active component in headache pills and. Experiments with aspirin journal of chemical education. It is widely used as an analgesic to relieve minor aches and pains, as an antipyretic to reduce fever, and as an anti inflammatory medication. Variation of conductance with temperature in electrolytes. Acidbase titration of ibuprofen in tablets ibuprofen is an organic compound its chemical name is rs 242methylpropylphenylpropionic acid widely used as nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug applied in fever, arthritis, and as pain reliever. Why do we use acetic anhydride instead of acetic acid.
The experimental design includes method errors that affect the average mass of aspirin determined to be in the tablets. Diamond scott and anh le introduction aspirin is a commonly used drug for the purposes of pain relief, fever reducer, and as an antiinflammatory. Capitals indicate lifethreatening, underlines indicate most frequent. In this paper, we describe the introduction of spectroscopy into the general chemistry laboratory using a series of experiments based on a common substance, aspirin. This experiment involves an ester of this type, a substance commonly called aspirin or acetylsalicylic acid.
May 10, 2019 a knowledge organiser on the alevel chemistry practical preparation of aspirin from 2hydroxybenzoic acid and ethanoic anhydride using a phosphoric acid catalyst. Aspirin is more soluble in basic alkaline solutions, so it readily dissolves in the duodenum which is the first part of the intestine. All books are in clear copy here, and all files are secure so dont worry about it. The royal society of chemistrys aspirin screen experiment is a freely available.
Unit of chemistry teacher education luma centre finland. Warning this product is not for human or veterinary use. Synthesis of aspirin aspirin is the single most manufactured drug in the world. Physical and chemical properties of aspirin lide 2003. It is believed to have been first used in 400 bc by the greek physician hippocrates who would prescribe the bark and leaves of the willow tree to his patients to relieve pain and fever. The synthesis of aspirin is a common synthesis experiment performed in an. If you will be calculating actual and theoretical yield, be sure to record how much salicylic acid you actually measured add 6 ml of acetic anhydride and 58 drops of 85% phosphoric acid to the flask. Aspirin, one of the first drugs to come into common usage, is still mostly the widely used in the world approximately 35,000 metric tonnes are produced and consumed annually, enough to make over 100 billion standard aspirin tablets every year. Aspirin screen experiment royal society of chemistry. Ibuprofen a case study in green chemistry the uk market for overthecounter painkillers for headache, toothache, muscular aches, period pain etc is worth about. Non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs classification mechanism of action aspirin synthesis of aspirin sar of aspirin uses doses adverse effect reference 2. A greener approach to aspirin synthesis using microwave. Aspirin journalsomics internationaljournal of forensic research.
Aspirin is the trade name of drugs containing organic chemical compound named acetylsalicylic acid. The discoveries that changed contemporary medicine 179 us physicians health study and the british doctors trial, it has been con cluded that the use of lowdose aspirin is safe and effective in subjects with coronary event risk of at least 1. Aspirin is an ester of salicylic acid which passes through the stomach unchanged before being hydrolysed by the basic medium of the intestine to form the active compound. The chemical classification of aspirin is nonsteroidal antiinflammatory compounds. Introduction to organic chemistry, streitweiser and heathcock, macmillan, ny 1981. Aspirin, acetaminophen, and caffeine separation from excedrin. Aspirin bibliography chemistry bibliographies cite this.
O c ch 3 c o o oh h h h h figure 1 acetylsalicylic acid aspirin, c9h8o4 aspirin acetylsalicylic acid is a versatile drug that is consumed in huge quantities worldwide. The mechanism of action of aspirin is as a cyclooxygenase inhibitor. Structural biochemistryaspirin wikibooks, open books for. Open the file exp 22 aspirin color from the advanced chemistry with vernier folder. Jul 21, 2017 aspirin bibliography chemistry bibliographies in harvard style. Aspirin is listed at 7 code of federal regulations cfr 205. The willow bark from which the active component, acetylsalicylic acid, can be isolated has been used since before the time of ancient egypt to brew teas and chew as a fever or pain remedy. Sch 102 introduction to organic chemistry, chemistry of. Acidbase determination of acetylsalicylic acid in tablets. Take a small amount of the aspirin tablet and dissolve as much as you can in 3 drops of ethyl acetate. The experiment can also be turned into a class research project and results can be presented in poster format as an alternative or in. Aspirin hc9h7o4 or c9h8o4 cid 2244 structure, chemical names, physical and. Consequently, cases of aspirin poisoning caused by overdose are common. The proteins that make up your hair, skin, and muscles.
The knowledge organiser includes the method and apparatus diagrams and goes into more depth about filtration under reduced pressure, recrystallisation and reflux. Transfer the solid crude aspirin product and filter paper to a piece of weigh paper and dry it further by placing it under a heat lamp. Due to irritations that the salicylic acid caused, the. Acetic anhydride ho paminophenol ho o oh ho ho n h oh o o h oh o h nh acetaminophen.
Quenching the reaction mixture with cold water forces the crude aspirin out of solution. If you dont see any interesting for you, use our search form on bottom v. Aspirin acetylsalicylic acid is a painrelieving compound familiar to virtually all students. Read online aspirin book pdf free download link book now. Determine the theoretical yield of aspirin that can be obtained from the addition of 2. This figure mainly reflects purchase of 16,000 tons of aspirin tablets or 80 million tablets a year. Aspirin, acetaminophen, and caffeine separation from. Aspirin is only slightly soluble in water and acidic solutions such as is present in the stomach. Acetylsalicylic acid chemically, aspirin is monoprotic acid and its strength pka3. Microwaveassisted aspirin synthesis from overthecounter pain creams using naturally acidic catalysts. Pure acetyl salicylic acid aspirin synthesis chemistry ch3 o ch3 o o acetic. Put the flask in an ice bath and leave it in there for about 10 minutes. Aspirin is metabolised to salicylic acid in the human body.
Pdf this aim of this experiment focuses on the synthesis of pure aspirin acetylsalicylic acid from ethanoic anhydride and salicylic acid while. To become familiar with the role of synthetic chemistry through the production of aspirin. Even if the patient is treated the asa will continue to increase, and the patient will need dialysis. For the first 1hnmr figure 2, 1hnmr aspirin, the analysis shows that there is a singlet at 2. Files available from the acs website may be downloaded for personal use only. As particles move they collide with each other and bounce off in all. The solubility of aspirin in all mixed solvents increased with the increase of temperature and decreased with the increase of. Full report guide general chemistry lab reports full reports. A journal is a periodical publication intended to further progress of science, usually by reporting new research. Chemistry 2000 c c c c c c c o o o h c h 3 c o h h h h aspirin. The interactive screen experiments enable students to undertake an aspirin synthesis, perform recrystallisation, thin layer chromatography and modify experimental conditions to determine the effect on yield. The students perform the remaining experiments on a rotating basis where the. Every living organism is made of organic chemicals. Full reports for general chemistry will also include a title page at the beginning and a brief conclusion following the results and discussion section.
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